| Background |
This gene encodes a member of the Armadillo protein family, which function in adhesion between cells and signal transduction. Multiple translation initiation codons and alternative splicing result in many different isoforms being translated. Not all of the full-length natures of the described transcript variants have been determined. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the neighboring upstream thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2 (TMX2) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010] |
| Cellular Location |
Cell junction
Adherens junction
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Cell junction
Interaction with GLIS2 promotes nuclear translocation (By similarity). Detected at cell-cell contacts (PubMed:15240885, PubMed:17047063). NANOS1 induces its translocation from sites of cell-cell contact to the cytoplasm (PubMed:17047063). CDH1 enhances cell membrane localization (PubMed:15240885). Localizes to cell-cell contacts as keratinocyte differentiation progresses (By similarity).
Isoform 1A
Nucleus
Isoform 2A
Nucleus
Isoform 3A
Nucleus
Isoform 4A
Cytoplasm
Isoform 1AB
Cytoplasm |
| Tissue Location |
Expressed in vascular endothelium. Melanocytes and melanoma cells primarily express the long isoform 1A, whereas keratinocytes express shorter isoforms, especially 3A. The shortest isoform 4A, is detected in normal keratinocytes and melanocytes, and generally lost from cells derived from squamous cell carcinomas or melanomas. The C-terminal alternatively spliced exon B is present in the p120ctn transcripts in the colon, intestine and prostate, but lost in several tumor tissues derived from these organs. |